#energy-consumption

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#cryptocurrency

Crypto is soaring after Trump's election but is it a good ethical investment?

Cryptocurrency presents ethical concerns, particularly regarding energy consumption and its facilitation of criminal activities.

Cryptocurrency mining energy use probed by US government

The US government has approved an emergency investigation into the power consumption of cryptocurrency mining operations.
The study will analyze electricity grid utilization data from mining operations for a period of six months.

Crypto is soaring after Trump's election but is it a good ethical investment?

Cryptocurrency presents ethical concerns, particularly regarding energy consumption and its facilitation of criminal activities.

Cryptocurrency mining energy use probed by US government

The US government has approved an emergency investigation into the power consumption of cryptocurrency mining operations.
The study will analyze electricity grid utilization data from mining operations for a period of six months.
morecryptocurrency
#generative-ai

Generative AI's environmental costs are soaring - and mostly secret

The AI industry is heading towards an energy crisis with the next wave of generative AI systems consuming more power than expected.
OpenAI CEO is investing in nuclear fusion as a potential breakthrough for AI energy consumption.
Generative AI-driven activities may soon require as much energy as entire countries.

Time to place our bets: Europe's AI opportunity

Europe must adopt a holistic strategy on adoption, creation, and energy to enhance competitiveness in generative AI.
Current adoption of generative AI in Europe lags significantly behind the US, indicating potential for economic growth.
Europe leads in AI semiconductor equipment but struggles in several other key segments, necessitating focused investment.
Rising energy demands from data centers could impact the viability of generative AI in Europe without competitive electricity rates.

Generative AI Could Generate Millions More Tons of E-Waste by 2030

Generative AI's growth significantly impacts energy consumption and electronic waste, necessitating urgent attention to its environmental effects.

The US grid can't handle the drain of growing generative AI energy use

Generative AI growth demands substantial water and energy resources with potential strains on the US power grid.

Is the rise of genAI about to create an energy crisis?

Generative AI is significantly increasing power demands in data centers, leading to soaring energy consumption and infrastructure costs.

Will A.I. Ruin the Planet or Save the Planet?

Big tech companies spent over $105 billion on A.I. data centers last year, raising environmental concerns alongside potential efficiency gains.

Generative AI's environmental costs are soaring - and mostly secret

The AI industry is heading towards an energy crisis with the next wave of generative AI systems consuming more power than expected.
OpenAI CEO is investing in nuclear fusion as a potential breakthrough for AI energy consumption.
Generative AI-driven activities may soon require as much energy as entire countries.

Time to place our bets: Europe's AI opportunity

Europe must adopt a holistic strategy on adoption, creation, and energy to enhance competitiveness in generative AI.
Current adoption of generative AI in Europe lags significantly behind the US, indicating potential for economic growth.
Europe leads in AI semiconductor equipment but struggles in several other key segments, necessitating focused investment.
Rising energy demands from data centers could impact the viability of generative AI in Europe without competitive electricity rates.

Generative AI Could Generate Millions More Tons of E-Waste by 2030

Generative AI's growth significantly impacts energy consumption and electronic waste, necessitating urgent attention to its environmental effects.

The US grid can't handle the drain of growing generative AI energy use

Generative AI growth demands substantial water and energy resources with potential strains on the US power grid.

Is the rise of genAI about to create an energy crisis?

Generative AI is significantly increasing power demands in data centers, leading to soaring energy consumption and infrastructure costs.

Will A.I. Ruin the Planet or Save the Planet?

Big tech companies spent over $105 billion on A.I. data centers last year, raising environmental concerns alongside potential efficiency gains.
moregenerative-ai
#electric-vehicles

America's EV Demand Could Dive 27% Without Tax Credits

The potential repeal of the EV tax credit could cause a significant decline in electric vehicle demand.

2024 Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD Gets 3.5 Miles/kWh EPA Energy Consumption

The 2024 Tesla Model Y has updated EPA range and energy consumption ratings, becoming less efficient due to the new methodology, affecting all EVs.

2024 Tesla Model 3 Gets Outstanding 3.9 Miles/kWh EPA Energy Consumption

Minimal changes in range and energy consumption for the 2024 Tesla Model 3 compared to previous versions.

Understanding An Electric Car's Window Sticker: Range, MPGe, Charge Time, Savings

The Monroney sticker on new vehicles includes energy consumption details for consumer comparison.

The Fisker Ocean Actually Excelled In This Long-Distance Range Test

The Fisker Ocean performed well in a long-distance test, despite concerns over energy consumption.
Efficiency and range were highlighted as strengths of the Fisker Ocean model.

2024 Audi Q4 55 e-tron: EPA Range, Energy Consumption And Price

The 2024 Audi Q4 55 e-tron with a new rear drive unit has improved efficiency and a range of 258 miles.

America's EV Demand Could Dive 27% Without Tax Credits

The potential repeal of the EV tax credit could cause a significant decline in electric vehicle demand.

2024 Tesla Model Y Long Range AWD Gets 3.5 Miles/kWh EPA Energy Consumption

The 2024 Tesla Model Y has updated EPA range and energy consumption ratings, becoming less efficient due to the new methodology, affecting all EVs.

2024 Tesla Model 3 Gets Outstanding 3.9 Miles/kWh EPA Energy Consumption

Minimal changes in range and energy consumption for the 2024 Tesla Model 3 compared to previous versions.

Understanding An Electric Car's Window Sticker: Range, MPGe, Charge Time, Savings

The Monroney sticker on new vehicles includes energy consumption details for consumer comparison.

The Fisker Ocean Actually Excelled In This Long-Distance Range Test

The Fisker Ocean performed well in a long-distance test, despite concerns over energy consumption.
Efficiency and range were highlighted as strengths of the Fisker Ocean model.

2024 Audi Q4 55 e-tron: EPA Range, Energy Consumption And Price

The 2024 Audi Q4 55 e-tron with a new rear drive unit has improved efficiency and a range of 258 miles.
moreelectric-vehicles
#data-centers

Silicon Valley has a plan to save humanity: Just flip on the nuclear reactors

AI's growth requires enormous computing power, leading to a significant increase in electricity demand, which may outpace supply.
The tech industry is turning to nuclear energy as a solution for rising energy needs associated with AI.

AI could gobble up a quarter of all electricity in the U.S. by 2030 if it doesn't break its energy addiction, says Arm Holdings exec

Generative AI's growth is hindered by its massive energy consumption, requiring solutions to balance power demands with technological advancements.

Former Google CEO Eric Schmidt says we should go all in on building AI data centers because 'we are never going to meet our climate goals anyway'

Eric Schmidt advocates for accelerated AI development despite its environmental costs, believing climate goals are unrealistic.

Energy looks to balance AI electricity demands and clean energy goals

Energy consumption for AI is a critical concern for the Department of Energy, seeking clean energy solutions for the growing demand from data centers and AI technologies.

From nuclear to quantum computing, how Big Tech intends to power AI's insatiable thirst for energy

Tech companies must address the environmental impacts of the data-driven generative AI boom rather than focusing solely on rapid technological advancement.

Cloud computing hits the nuclear button amid energy crisis

Cloud computing continues to grow despite challenges, but infrastructure power supply constraints may hinder its future expansion.

Silicon Valley has a plan to save humanity: Just flip on the nuclear reactors

AI's growth requires enormous computing power, leading to a significant increase in electricity demand, which may outpace supply.
The tech industry is turning to nuclear energy as a solution for rising energy needs associated with AI.

AI could gobble up a quarter of all electricity in the U.S. by 2030 if it doesn't break its energy addiction, says Arm Holdings exec

Generative AI's growth is hindered by its massive energy consumption, requiring solutions to balance power demands with technological advancements.

Former Google CEO Eric Schmidt says we should go all in on building AI data centers because 'we are never going to meet our climate goals anyway'

Eric Schmidt advocates for accelerated AI development despite its environmental costs, believing climate goals are unrealistic.

Energy looks to balance AI electricity demands and clean energy goals

Energy consumption for AI is a critical concern for the Department of Energy, seeking clean energy solutions for the growing demand from data centers and AI technologies.

From nuclear to quantum computing, how Big Tech intends to power AI's insatiable thirst for energy

Tech companies must address the environmental impacts of the data-driven generative AI boom rather than focusing solely on rapid technological advancement.

Cloud computing hits the nuclear button amid energy crisis

Cloud computing continues to grow despite challenges, but infrastructure power supply constraints may hinder its future expansion.
moredata-centers

Smart meters revealed to discriminate based on where people live

Smart meters in northern England and Scotland face significant issues leading to inaccurate billing and difficulties for users compared to other regions.
#renewable-energy

America's Oil Country Increasingly Runs on Renewables

Texas improved its energy grid stability in summer 2023 due to increased solar farms and battery storage capacity.

Hyperscalers' net-zero plans hit roadblock | Computer Weekly

Datacenters' energy consumption is expected to rise significantly by 2026, prompting interest in nuclear power as a stable energy source.

We Need DePIN to Get to Net-Zero Emissions

The transition to a zero-emissions economy hinges on rethinking energy consumption through decentralized, community-driven renewable energy.

America's Oil Country Increasingly Runs on Renewables

Texas improved its energy grid stability in summer 2023 due to increased solar farms and battery storage capacity.

Hyperscalers' net-zero plans hit roadblock | Computer Weekly

Datacenters' energy consumption is expected to rise significantly by 2026, prompting interest in nuclear power as a stable energy source.

We Need DePIN to Get to Net-Zero Emissions

The transition to a zero-emissions economy hinges on rethinking energy consumption through decentralized, community-driven renewable energy.
morerenewable-energy
#environmental-impact

AI is supposed to make us more efficient - but it could mean we waste more energy

The European Union is negotiating the world's first comprehensive law to regulate AI based on the risk it poses to individuals, society, and the environment.
The environmental impact of AI, particularly its energy consumption, is often overlooked in discussions about AI regulation and development.

How much energy does ChatGPT consume? 17,000 Times Higher Than That Of The Average Household!

AI's energy consumption is a significant concern, with ChatGPT alone consuming over half a million kWh daily.
The AI sector's electricity consumption is projected to reach between 85 to 134 terawatt-hours annually by 2027, a substantial global impact.

How much more water and power does AI computing demand? Tech firms don't want you to know

AI technologies significantly increase electricity and water consumption, threatening green energy transitions and raising environmental concerns.

Measuring and Reducing the Environmental Impact of Software

Measuring energy consumption of software is vital to control its environmental impact.

Elon Musk Is Building the World's Largest Supercomputer in Memphis-And Some Locals Are Very Concerned

AI's integration into services may drastically increase energy consumption, raising environmental concerns.
Elon Musk's xAI project in Memphis aims to build a major supercomputer with substantial economic impact.

Panelists to examine crypto mining impacts | Cornell Chronicle

The environmental and economic impacts of Bitcoin mining are significant and will be discussed at a campus event.

AI is supposed to make us more efficient - but it could mean we waste more energy

The European Union is negotiating the world's first comprehensive law to regulate AI based on the risk it poses to individuals, society, and the environment.
The environmental impact of AI, particularly its energy consumption, is often overlooked in discussions about AI regulation and development.

How much energy does ChatGPT consume? 17,000 Times Higher Than That Of The Average Household!

AI's energy consumption is a significant concern, with ChatGPT alone consuming over half a million kWh daily.
The AI sector's electricity consumption is projected to reach between 85 to 134 terawatt-hours annually by 2027, a substantial global impact.

How much more water and power does AI computing demand? Tech firms don't want you to know

AI technologies significantly increase electricity and water consumption, threatening green energy transitions and raising environmental concerns.

Measuring and Reducing the Environmental Impact of Software

Measuring energy consumption of software is vital to control its environmental impact.

Elon Musk Is Building the World's Largest Supercomputer in Memphis-And Some Locals Are Very Concerned

AI's integration into services may drastically increase energy consumption, raising environmental concerns.
Elon Musk's xAI project in Memphis aims to build a major supercomputer with substantial economic impact.

Panelists to examine crypto mining impacts | Cornell Chronicle

The environmental and economic impacts of Bitcoin mining are significant and will be discussed at a campus event.
moreenvironmental-impact
#nvidia

The A.I. Power Grab

The rise of artificial intelligence is complicating the tech sector's efforts to reduce carbon emissions, leading to increased energy demands.

The dead end of chips: Manufacturing semiconductors consumes as much energy as entire countries

Nvidia experienced unparalleled semiconductor shipment growth, reflecting an ever-growing global need despite energy production challenges.

Nvidia PUE-PUEs DC efficiency ratings, call for new metrics

Traditional datacenter efficiency metric PUE is being challenged by Nvidia, suggesting a new focus on how effectively energy is converted to work in facilities.

The A.I. Power Grab

The rise of artificial intelligence is complicating the tech sector's efforts to reduce carbon emissions, leading to increased energy demands.

The dead end of chips: Manufacturing semiconductors consumes as much energy as entire countries

Nvidia experienced unparalleled semiconductor shipment growth, reflecting an ever-growing global need despite energy production challenges.

Nvidia PUE-PUEs DC efficiency ratings, call for new metrics

Traditional datacenter efficiency metric PUE is being challenged by Nvidia, suggesting a new focus on how effectively energy is converted to work in facilities.
morenvidia

Energy Wasters: Scare Away Those Vampire Loads

Vampire loads account for about 10% of residential electricity usage, even when appliances are turned off.
#artificial-intelligence

Weighing Up AI's Climate Costs | by Azeem Azhar & Carl Benedikt Frey - Project Syndicate

AI can increase global energy consumption initially, but also drive down carbon emissions by decoupling economic growth from emissions.

Fixing AI's energy crisis

The rise of energy-hungry AI technologies threatens the future of machine learning due to unsustainable energy consumption.

AI-led CO2 emissions affecting tech firms' green goals

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence by big tech companies is leading to soaring energy demand and higher carbon emissions, posing significant challenges for meeting green goals.

Bitcoin Is The Hulk | HackerNoon

Bitcoin's energy consumption reflects societal values of stubbornness versus humility.
Bitcoin's increasing energy requirements may lead to significant future concerns.

How to Do Sustainable Software Development

Software sustainability requires a holistic view and awareness of the environmental impact, using appropriate resources and tools.

Weighing Up AI's Climate Costs | by Azeem Azhar & Carl Benedikt Frey - Project Syndicate

AI can increase global energy consumption initially, but also drive down carbon emissions by decoupling economic growth from emissions.

Fixing AI's energy crisis

The rise of energy-hungry AI technologies threatens the future of machine learning due to unsustainable energy consumption.

AI-led CO2 emissions affecting tech firms' green goals

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence by big tech companies is leading to soaring energy demand and higher carbon emissions, posing significant challenges for meeting green goals.

Bitcoin Is The Hulk | HackerNoon

Bitcoin's energy consumption reflects societal values of stubbornness versus humility.
Bitcoin's increasing energy requirements may lead to significant future concerns.

How to Do Sustainable Software Development

Software sustainability requires a holistic view and awareness of the environmental impact, using appropriate resources and tools.
moreartificial-intelligence

Strolls with stops use more energy than continuous walking, scientists show

Taking rest stops while walking can lead to burning more calories than a continuous walk.

Oil Prices Fall After Israel Reportedly Says It Won't Target Iran's Nuclear or Oil Facilities

Oil prices fell 5% due to Israel's assurances to the U.S. against attacking Iran's nuclear sites.

The world's largest chipmaker TSMC is about to be tested as it uses more and more power

TSMC faces challenges in achieving growth due to Taiwan's limited electricity supply and increasing energy demands from semiconductor production.
#climate-change

The cool technologies that could protect cities from dangerous heat

Record heat in 2023 signals urgency for innovative cooling technology to combat climate change.

Scientists Simulate Alien Civilizations, Find They Keep Dying From Climate Change

Advanced civilizations may not survive due to climate change resulting from energy consumption, echoing Earth's struggles.
This research provides insight into the Fermi paradox regarding the absence of detected extraterrestrial life.

Americans are cutting back on groceries to pay for AC

Climate change is causing financial strain as Americans cut back on groceries to pay for increasing utility bills.

AI is just one of many problems in the climate crisis

The rapid growth of AI tools requires significant energy consumption, impacting climate change goals despite efforts by tech companies to set sustainable energy targets.

Letters: Climate change | Israel's time

Hurricane Helene illustrates the escalating impacts of climate change on human suffering and highlights the urgency for more effective action against greenhouse gas emissions.

Green activists don't care how many people will die from zero fossil fuel use

The impact of ending fossil fuels must consider not only climate science but also the broader benefits and costs, including the significant improvements in quality of life provided by fossil fuels.

The cool technologies that could protect cities from dangerous heat

Record heat in 2023 signals urgency for innovative cooling technology to combat climate change.

Scientists Simulate Alien Civilizations, Find They Keep Dying From Climate Change

Advanced civilizations may not survive due to climate change resulting from energy consumption, echoing Earth's struggles.
This research provides insight into the Fermi paradox regarding the absence of detected extraterrestrial life.

Americans are cutting back on groceries to pay for AC

Climate change is causing financial strain as Americans cut back on groceries to pay for increasing utility bills.

AI is just one of many problems in the climate crisis

The rapid growth of AI tools requires significant energy consumption, impacting climate change goals despite efforts by tech companies to set sustainable energy targets.

Letters: Climate change | Israel's time

Hurricane Helene illustrates the escalating impacts of climate change on human suffering and highlights the urgency for more effective action against greenhouse gas emissions.

Green activists don't care how many people will die from zero fossil fuel use

The impact of ending fossil fuels must consider not only climate science but also the broader benefits and costs, including the significant improvements in quality of life provided by fossil fuels.
moreclimate-change

DCs are wasting watts and cash on superfluous server power

Enabling power-management features in datacenters can drastically reduce energy consumption and costs.

Swiss startup bets on photonic chips to cut data centre energy consumption

Lightium's photonic chips could significantly reduce energy consumption in data centres while boosting performance amidst rising electricity demands.

Reimagining Air Conditioning: Traditional Cooling Methods for the Future

Resurgence of passive cooling techniques can address rising energy costs and climate challenges, especially in hot climates as urban populations grow.

Daylight-saving time is literally killing us. It's time to end this switch.

Daylight-saving time has significant negative health effects, including increased heart attacks and accidents, raising concerns despite its popularity.

We are wasting $2 trillion a year chasing 'green' fantasies

Green energy transition isn't displacing fossil fuels as expected, leading to increased energy consumption and emissions.

IBM's former head of AI says Big Tech needs to end arms race in LLMs to ditch its carbon backpack

AI's sustainability issue requires a shift from large to small language models for decreased energy use.

Assessing the Electricity Requirements of AI Development [Infographic]

The massive energy requirements to power AI infrastructure pose significant challenges and require substantial investments.

Google Pushing Higher Emissions Due to AI

Google's aggressive integration of AI leads to a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, posing challenges for its net-zero emission goals.

Digital transformation set to drive huge rise in demand for critical resources

UK businesses need 30% more energy, computing power for digital transformation.

Microsoft Pledges to Use 'Minecraft' for Evil With Copilot AI

Microsoft integrating Copilot AI into gaming, enabling immediate in-game assistance.
#carbon-emissions

Microsoft's Emissions and Water Use Shoot Up as It Goes All in on AI Datacenters

Microsoft's water use and carbon emissions have significantly increased due to AI industry pursuits. The AI industry's reliance on energy-intensive data centers poses environmental challenges.

UK awards 1.73M to AI projects to advance net zero goals

AI projects funded by UK government to aid in meeting net zero goals
AI technology being utilized in various sectors to combat climate change

Microsoft's Emissions and Water Use Shoot Up as It Goes All in on AI Datacenters

Microsoft's water use and carbon emissions have significantly increased due to AI industry pursuits. The AI industry's reliance on energy-intensive data centers poses environmental challenges.

UK awards 1.73M to AI projects to advance net zero goals

AI projects funded by UK government to aid in meeting net zero goals
AI technology being utilized in various sectors to combat climate change
morecarbon-emissions

Miners Eye Middle East as Next Region for Growth

The Biden Administration's proposed tax on digital asset mining may drive miners to the Middle East for lower costs.

Think before you click and three other ways to reduce your digital carbon footprint | Koren Helbig

Digital activities have significant environmental impacts, mainly due to energy consumption of datacentres.

Scientists Calculated the Energy Needed to Carry a Baby. Shocker: It's a Lot.

Human pregnancy requires almost 50,000 dietary calories, with 96% used by the mother's body, not the fetus.

Nvidia thinks it's time to start measuring data center efficiency by other metrics - is the age of PUE over?

Nvidia suggests moving on from PUE to a new measure of data center efficiency for real-world applications.

2024 Tesla Model X: EPA Range And Energy Consumption Comparison

EPA methodology change caused slight decrease in Tesla Model X 2024 range.
#california-public-utilities-commission

Regulators approve sweeping change to the way most Californians are billed for electricity

California Public Utilities Commission approved new fixed monthly fee for electricity, prioritizing electric vehicle adoption over consumer concerns.

California residents could see up to $175 off utility bills this month. Who qualifies?

Millions of California residents will receive a credit on their electric and natural gas bills.
California's Cap-and-Trade Program is behind the California Climate Credit designed to assist high bill payers during winter.

Regulators approve sweeping change to the way most Californians are billed for electricity

California Public Utilities Commission approved new fixed monthly fee for electricity, prioritizing electric vehicle adoption over consumer concerns.

California residents could see up to $175 off utility bills this month. Who qualifies?

Millions of California residents will receive a credit on their electric and natural gas bills.
California's Cap-and-Trade Program is behind the California Climate Credit designed to assist high bill payers during winter.
morecalifornia-public-utilities-commission

Chevrolet Equinox EV EPA Rating: 319 Miles Of Range, 3.2 Miles/kWh Consumption

The new Chevrolet Equinox EV has EPA range and energy consumption ratings for FWD and AWD versions.

2024 Fiat 500e EPA Rating Reveals Energy Consumption Of 3.4 Miles/kWh

The wheel size and tire type significantly impact the driving range and energy consumption of the 2024 Fiat 500e.
#ai-technology

The Obscene Energy Demands of A.I.

Bitcoin mining consumes significant energy, producing high CO2 emissions and e-waste.
AI technology is also energy-intensive with the potential for similar growth trajectory.

Wall Street finds a back door into the AI stock boom as energy demand soars: utilities

Investors are exploring utilities sector to benefit from the increased power demand for AI technology development.

The Obscene Energy Demands of A.I.

Bitcoin mining consumes significant energy, producing high CO2 emissions and e-waste.
AI technology is also energy-intensive with the potential for similar growth trajectory.

Wall Street finds a back door into the AI stock boom as energy demand soars: utilities

Investors are exploring utilities sector to benefit from the increased power demand for AI technology development.
moreai-technology
#bitcoin-mining

A Texas Town's Misery Underscores the Impact of Bitcoin Mines Across the U.S.

Bitcoin mining operations are causing noise pollution and disturbing residents in towns across the U.S.
Critics argue that bitcoin mining consumes excessive amounts of energy and causes environmental damage.

Bitcoin mining profitability plummets by 75%

Bitcoin mining profits have decreased by 75% in the last three years due to various factors like halvings and increasing costs.

A Texas Town's Misery Underscores the Impact of Bitcoin Mines Across the U.S.

Bitcoin mining operations are causing noise pollution and disturbing residents in towns across the U.S.
Critics argue that bitcoin mining consumes excessive amounts of energy and causes environmental damage.

Bitcoin mining profitability plummets by 75%

Bitcoin mining profits have decreased by 75% in the last three years due to various factors like halvings and increasing costs.
morebitcoin-mining

AWS resource restrictions point to datacenter power issues

Datacenter power issues in Ireland are causing restrictions for users in Amazon's facility, leading to direction to other AWS regions in Europe.
The energy consumed by datacenters in Dublin is a significant concern, impacting infrastructure usage due to power consumption limits.

8 Ways that LLMs and Generative AI are Changing Hardware

AI technology has revolutionized hardware requirements by demanding more energy-efficient solutions.
Specialized hardware like TPUs and FPGAs are replacing traditional CPUs and GPUs for AI applications, driving the need for enhanced power delivery and cooling infrastructure.

Satoshi Anticipated Bitcoin Energy Debate in Email Thread With Early Collaborators

Satoshi Nakamoto warned about Bitcoin's energy consumption in 2009 emails.
Proof of Work is essential for Bitcoin's security but criticized for high energy use.

How much electricity does AI consume?

Estimates of AI's energy usage are incomplete and companies are not sharing relevant information.
Training AI models is extremely energy intensive, consuming more electricity than traditional data center activities.

Crypto mines will have to start reporting their energy use in the US

The US Department of Energy (DOE) will collect data on crypto mines' electricity use to address concerns about their energy consumption.
The Energy Information Administration (EIA) will focus on the evolving energy demand for cryptocurrency mining and quantify the sources of electricity used.
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