#cbdc

#cbdc

The evaluation of cross-border CBDCs exchange primarily focuses on the total swap cost, integrating multiple fee components.

The study analyzes CBDC swap costs in L1-Mariana and L2-L3-Exchange systems using various liquidity configurations and transaction volumes.

CBDCs are facing significant hurdles to global implementation despite increased interest from governments.

Layer-2 scaling can effectively alleviate blockchain congestion and high transaction fees.

Project Mariana aims to streamline cross-border CBDC exchanges with innovative technology.

CBDCs can enhance financial inclusion, improve transaction efficiency, and transform monetary policy, but they raise concerns about privacy and sustainability.

India's retail CBDC pilot has 5 million users, but a full-scale implementation is not urgent according to the central bank Governor.