#reappraisal

#reappraisal

As a scientist and clinician, I've long been struck by how trauma, chronic pain, and addiction often travel together. For many patients, these conditions form a tangled knot that is difficult to unravel with traditional therapies. Most psychotherapeutic approaches treat trauma, pain, and addiction in isolation, yet what patients truly need is an integrated approach that addresses them simultaneously. Post- traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) is highly prevalent among people with chronic pain.