Robert M. Sapolsky's book, Determined: A Science of Life Without Free Will, challenges the idea of free will, suggesting it is overvalued. He asserts that human decision-making is influenced by numerous factors rather than individual agency. In interviews, he described humans as "biological machines," pointing to the importance of external influences on intentions. The theory has faced criticism, with some academics arguing for the validity of free will and the ongoing investigation into consciousness and its relation to free will continues.
"We've got no free will. Stop attributing stuff to us that isn't there," Sapolsky stated, challenging the notion that personal choices reflect free will.
Sapolsky explained that understanding decisions requires examining the myriad influences and experiences that precede a choice, rather than simply focusing on the choice itself.
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