Guilt arises from our actions and motivates reconciliation, pushing us to take responsibility, apologize, and repair relationships. It serves as a bridge to forgiveness.
Shame, contrastingly, targets our sense of self, guiding us away from behaviors deemed unacceptable, as seen in movements like #MeToo, which challenge harmful conduct.
While guilt and shame evolved to promote cooperation in groups, they can also lead to personal suffering or manipulation, undermining individual well-being.
Though often confused, guilt and shame play distinct roles: guilt prompts behavioral correction while shame helps us understand and conform to social norms.
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