The Type Of Bubbles You Should Watch Out For In Canned Goods - Tasting Table
Briefly

Home-canning is an enjoyable method for preserving a garden harvest but can lead to health risks if done improperly. Chef Justin Simeon shares essential tips regarding signs of spoilage in canned goods. The presence of moving air bubbles, especially upon opening jars, indicates potential bacterial contamination, and fizzy signs signify spoilage. Static air pockets are normal, but any movement is cause for concern. Additionally, bulging cans point to bacterial growth inside. Taking precautions can ensure safe and successful home-canning.
Make sure those air bubbles aren't moving -- fizzy bubbles are a bad sign.
Tiny [air] pockets are fine as long as they are stationary. If the bubbles are moving from top to bottom, that is a sign of bacteria or fermentation.
If a jar or can is opened and it starts to fizz or foam, the contents may have been compromised.
That gaseous buildup is also the reason why spoiled aluminum cans of food tend to bulge.
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