Scientists have identified Neanderthal genes as a possible cause of Chiari malformations, which are brain defects affecting about one in 100 people. These malformations occur when the lower brain extends too far into the spinal cord, leading to headaches and neck pain. Researchers linked the mildest form, CM-I, to interbreeding between Homo sapiens and other ancient hominins. The study utilized 3D models of modern humans and skull fossils from ancient species to examine brain shape differences, particularly related to the brain's connection to the spine.
Neanderthal genes could be the reason that some people are more prone to a type of headache-causing brain defect known as Chiari malformations, affecting about one in 100 people.
The mildest form of Chiari malformation, known as CM-I, could have its roots in interbreeding between Homo sapiens and ancient hominins with differently shaped skulls.
The researchers compared 3D models of 103 modern people with and without Chiari malformations with skull fossils from ancient human species, focusing on brain shape differences.
Modern humans with the CM-I malformation showed brain shape differences mainly where the brain connects to the spine, relating these shapes to ancient hominins.
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