Regular structured exercise, particularly aerobic and resistance training, slows or can partially reverse epigenetic aging as measured by DNA methylation clocks. Epigenetic clocks analyze patterns of DNA methylation to estimate biological age, providing a molecular indicator distinct from chronological age. Evidence in both humans and animal models shows measurable reductions in biological age following consistent exercise, with anti-aging effects extending beyond skeletal muscle to the heart, liver, adipose tissue, and gut. Increased leisure-time physical activity and reduced sedentary behavior associate with more favorable epigenetic age profiles. Patterns of DNA methylation can shift in response to lifestyle factors, indicating modifiable pathways for aging interventions.
New research suggests that exercise may not just make us feel younger-it could actually slow or even reverse the body's molecular clock. By looking at DNA markers of aging, scientists found that structured exercise like aerobic and strength training has stronger anti-aging effects than casual activity. Evidence from both mice and humans shows measurable reductions in biological age, with benefits reaching beyond muscles to the heart, liver, fat tissue, and gut.
Epigenetic aging refers to changes in the body's DNA that reflect how quickly a person is aging at the molecular level. It is measured using epigenetic clocks, which analyze patterns of DNA methylation, a chemical modification that can affect gene activity. Unlike chronological age, which simply counts the number of years lived, epigenetic aging presents a more accurate picture of how well the body's cells and tissues are functioning. This process is influenced by various factors, including lifestyle, and has become a powerful tool for studying aging.
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