The study extended the follow-up of a phase 1 trial investigating a sequential treatment of atezolizumab and an individualized mRNA neoantigen vaccine in patients with surgically resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). With a median follow-up of 3.2 years, those patients displaying high levels of neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells showed a striking improvement in median recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to non-responders, indicating the T cells' potential in predicting long-term treatment success and the need for further exploration into immune responses following vaccination.
At a median follow-up of 3.2 years, patients with vaccine-induced high-magnitude T cells showed a median recurrence-free survival not reached, contrasting sharply with non-responders.
The findings suggest that the presence of robust neoantigen-specific T cells can be a strong predictive marker for long-term outcomes in PDAC treatment.
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