"The groups, ranging from Al-Shabaab to ISIS-K to Hezbollah, are clearly learning from each other, leading to an informal universal playbook that is consistent across the groups."
"Telegram is home base. It is the top distribution channel for a reason. Telegram offers broadcast channels with no limit on subscribers, bots for automation, end-to-end encrypted direct messages, minimal content moderation and easy migration after bans via invite links."
"Each group has a similar distribution strategy that anticipates content takedowns. Groups distribute content, on average, across 3-7 platforms simultaneously."
"All groups have two-tier distribution - their official channels for direct distribution and unofficial channels for supporters/surrogates to reshare and amplify content."
Fifteen adversarial groups, including Al-Shabaab and ISIS-K, are developing a shared media strategy that mirrors private sector innovation. Telegram serves as the primary distribution channel due to its features like broadcast channels and encryption. These groups employ a two-tier distribution system, utilizing both official and unofficial channels to amplify their content. They anticipate content takedowns by distributing across multiple platforms and using Archive.org as a backup. This approach allows them to maintain a presence despite enforcement actions on social media.
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