Researchers studied the ADSL gene, unique to modern humans, which affects brain chemistry and enzyme stability. This gene variant enables behavioral advantages, exemplified by enhanced water-seeking behavior in mice. The findings suggest that subtle genetic mutations in ADSL may have contributed to the cognitive and behavioral differences that enabled modern humans to thrive while Neanderthals and Denisovans became extinct. Svante Pääbo, a key researcher, argues for the significant differences in population dynamics and technological evolution between modern humans and their hominin relatives.
The modern form of the gene ADSL in humans reduces enzyme stability compared to that found in Neanderthals or Denisovans, suggesting significant biochemical differences between species.
Introducing the human version of ADSL into mice resulted in females becoming better at seeking water, indicating a potential behavioral advantage stemming from this genetic change.
The changes to brain biochemistry linked to the gene ADSL might have contributed to the cognitive and behavioral advantages that allowed modern humans to thrive while Neanderthals and Denisovans went extinct.
Svante Pääbo emphasized there is a fundamental difference between modern humans and earlier hominins, underscoring the rapid technological and cultural advancements achieved by humans.
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