French scientists identified the world's newest blood group, Gwada-negative, through a routine blood test of a woman from Guadeloupe. Her blood plasma failed to match with any potential donors, leading researchers to conduct genetic analysis. They discovered a mutation in the PIGZ gene that prevents the addition of a specific sugar on red blood cells, creating a new antigen defining the blood group. This discovery highlights the complexity of blood compatibility and the potential implications for transfusion medicine.
The unique blood of a woman from Guadeloupe has led to the identification of the Gwada-negative blood group, the world's newest and rarest blood group. Scientists found that her blood plasma reacted against every potential donor sample, leading them to discover a mutation in the gene PIGZ that creates a new antigen on red blood cells. This antigen change defines the new blood group classification, Gwada-positive or Gwada-negative.
The discovery of the 48th recognized blood group, called Gwada-negative, is a significant milestone in blood transfusion medicine. The identification stemmed from a case where no compatible blood donors could be found for a woman whose plasma reacted negatively with all tested samples. Genetic analysis revealed a mutation that alters a sugar structure on red blood cells, leading to the creation of an entirely new antigen.
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