"We know lava has structural integrity because we have built columns from lava rocks to support whole houses," says Pálmadóttir, adding that "90% of Icelandic concrete is basalt." Lavaforming cuts out the climate-harming concrete processing-which causes at least 8% of global carbon dioxide emissions-and goes straight to nature for solid building materials that are currently not being utilized. "[The idea] came from the reality of architecture not being part of the solution but more of the problem because we don't have that many possibilities for building materials that are not emitting CO2."
Lavaforming envisions its practice perfected by 2150, applicable to any volcanic nation worldwide. Pálmadóttir states, "The project should be an inspiration for designers and architects to look at what can they do with the extreme conditions where they are located." The average eruption of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano produces between 110 and 130 million cubic yards of lava per year—a potential substitute for traditional concrete.
Lava's unique properties could facilitate a new architectural vernacular, transforming building design with its bulbous shapes, glass-like obsidian qualities, and the mass of basalt. This approach would allow entire cities to rise quickly without harmful mining and nonrenewable energy generation, showcasing an innovative, eco-friendly alternative to conventional construction materials.
However, challenges regarding ownership and regulation arise. Currently, in Iceland, there are no regulations on whether lava can be privatized like oil, mainly due to the absence of a clear use for it.
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