"Sleep loss has become a quiet constant of modern life. It shows up in early commutes, late-night screens, rotating shifts, and a work culture that treats being reachable as a virtue. The public usually talks about the obvious costs, like fatigue and brain fog. The more consequential costs may be metabolic. When sleep is cut short, appetite often becomes harder to manage. People report stronger cravings, less satisfaction after meals, and a tendency to snack late."
"This is where the keyword sleep and appetite hormones matter. It reflects a real shift. Weight gain is no longer viewed only as a willpower issue. It is increasingly viewed as a systems issue where biology, environment, and behavior interact. A landmark population study reported that shorter sleep duration was associated with lower leptin and higher ghrelin, which the authors suggested could increase appetite."
Sleep loss pervades modern life through early commutes, late-night screens, rotating shifts, and a work culture that values constant reachability. Obvious consequences include fatigue and brain fog, while more consequential effects involve metabolism and appetite regulation. Shorter sleep is associated with lower leptin and higher ghrelin, hormones that respectively promote satiety and hunger, though findings vary by study design, timing, and participant characteristics. Repeated sleep restriction can tilt the appetite system toward stronger cravings, reduced meal satisfaction, and late-night snacking. These hormones interact with brain reward and homeostatic circuits and with other pathways such as cortisol and insulin sensitivity, increasing risk of overconsumption in obesogenic environments.
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