Our study site is special in that chimpanzees frequently interact with and even enjoy the company of humans here, participating almost daily in various touch screen experiments for food rewards.
It was very surprising to find that chimpanzees are affected in their task performance by audience members, and by human audience members nonetheless.
The fact they seem to be affected by human audiences even depending on the difficulty of the task suggests this relationship is more complex than we would have initially expected.
It remains unclear what specific mechanisms underlie these audience-related effects, even for humans.
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