When To Keep The Vents Open Vs Closed While Grilling - Tasting Table
Briefly

The proper use of grill vents can significantly influence temperature and airflow, enabling you to achieve different cooking results, including perfect grilling and slow cooking.
"Open the vents when lighting the charcoal to allow maximum airflow and quickly reach the desired temperature," Correa urged, emphasizing control over grilling process.
Once you've reached the desired temperature, adjust ventilation to maintain the right heat level. "More ventilation openings increases heat and oxygen flow," he explained.
When slow cooking larger cuts of meat, closing the vents is important. "Partially close the vents for slow-cooked dishes to prevent burning or over-drying, ensuring tender outcomes."
Read at Tasting Table
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