Window functions are a powerful SQL feature that allow for calculations across a set of rows related to the current row without aggregating them into a single output.
The ROW_NUMBER() function provides a unique number to each row within a partition, facilitating ordered numbering based on specified criteria.
RANK() places emphasis on ranking rows based on values, where ties result in shared ranks and subsequent ranks are skipped, illustrating how ranking can impact analysis.
DENSE_RANK() is similar to RANK() but does not skip ranks after ties, providing a more continuous ranking system for comparative metrics.
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