The study demonstrates that DA and 5HT exert opponent control over reinforcement, influencing learning by showing how their simultaneous actions facilitate the acquisition of new associations.
By establishing a mouse model for genetic access to both DA and 5HT neurons, we uncovered a complex interplay where DA enhances and 5HT dampens reward signaling.
Behavioral experiments revealed that targeting DA and 5HT individually led to modest deficits, underscoring their combined role in learning and reinforcement processes.
Optogenetic manipulation showed that replicating both DA and 5HT reward responses together significantly enhances the learning of new associations far beyond single alterations.
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