First, to your question about how many and what sort of workers will benefit from these minimum wage increases: An excellent resource for understanding the basic facts of who will benefit from these minimum wage increases is the Economic Policy Institute.
There are directly mandated raises that get workers up to the new minimum wage, and then there's something called the ripple effect. It's a spillover effect that happens when employers adjust wages or raise wages up the wage scale to maintain wage differentials.
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