Heap Sort is an efficient, comparison-based sorting algorithm that utilizes a binary heap data structure to achieve guaranteed O(n log n) time complexity.
Heap Sort operates in two main phases: first, it builds a max heap from the input array, and second, it repeatedly extracts the maximum element to sort the array.
Understanding the heap data structure is essential for Heap Sort, as it allows for efficient representation and manipulation of elements within the sorting process.
Choosing Heap Sort is advantageous in scenarios requiring guaranteed O(n log n) time complexity, especially when stability is not a concern.
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