In 2024, France enacted legislation mandating French language tests for certain residency cards, with other European nations like Sweden and Italy also introducing similar requirements. This trend ties to the rise of nationalism, as linguist Carmen Silvestri points out, linking language to national identity. Research from the Pew Research Centre reveals that many associate speaking the local language with a sense of belonging, with varying importance across cultures and political beliefs. Countries such as Hungary and France show significant percentages prioritizing language skills in defining national identity.
Dr. Carmen Silvestri, a linguist, states, “Languages as an element of national identity and belonging are historically linked to the birth of the nation-state, in 1700-1800.”
A Pew Research report indicates many believe speaking the local language is essential for belonging, with significant percentages supporting this in countries like Hungary and France.
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