The controversial deal has sparked criticism from rights groups who argue it undermines human rights, branding it a cruel experiment as Italy processes asylum seekers outside the EU.
Italy's right-wing government heralds the deal as unprecedented, setting a precedent that could be followed by other EU states eager to tighten their own immigration policies.
Refugees rescued at sea face processing in Albania under Italian law, raising concerns about their rights as they undergo asylum claims away from Italy.
The centers in Albania aim to process up to 36,000 asylum seekers per year, with initial screening on board ships before potential transfer to the processing facility.
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