Conant’s decision to shift Harvard’s admissions policy was based on his belief that American democracy was being undermined by a growing 'hereditary aristocracy of wealth.' By expanding access to the elite institution, he aimed to promote meritocracy and dismantle the existing social privileges rooted in birthright. His changes emphasized hard work, potential, and achievement over lineage, leading to a new paradigm in how society defines success.
Throughout the early 20th century, the competitive landscape of elite colleges favored those who were 'clubbable' over academically inclined students. The social clubs within these institutions played significant roles in shaping future leaders, often prioritizing social skills and connections rather than intellectual rigor. This culture perpetuated a cycle of privilege that favored specific demographics, reinforcing social stratification and limiting diversity in leadership roles.
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