Infected birds can shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces, potentially contaminating animal-derived food products during processing. Bird flu RNA was found in cow's milk, but transmission likely occurs through contaminated milking equipment.
PCR test used to detect bird flu in milk is highly sensitive but does not differentiate between live or inactivated virus; cannot confirm if the virus in milk is infectious to humans. Drinking milk in Australia, where bird flu is absent in dairy cattle, is safe.
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