Apartheid explained | Start Here
Briefly

Apartheid was an institutionalized system of racial segregation and discrimination that existed in South Africa between 1948 and 1991. The system was designed to maintain white minority rule and enforce the superiority of Afrikaners, the country's white rulers. Non-white South Africans were subject to forced removals, lack of political rights, economic exploitation, and violence.
The accusations of apartheid against Israel focus on its treatment of Palestinians in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. This includes the construction of Israeli settlements, restrictions on movement, separate legal systems, home demolitions, and the denial of basic rights to Palestinians. Critics argue that these policies mirror the discriminatory nature of apartheid in South Africa.
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