Cases of clade I mpox viruses rising in Central Africa pose threat globally due to higher fatality rates and potential for global spread beyond endemis regions.
Clade I viruses cause more severe illness with 1.4% to more than 10% fatality rate, compared to Clade II viruses' 0.1% to 3.6% mortality rate.
Outbreaks historically spread through sexual contact, with vaccines protecting high-risk groups, but recent global travel raises concerns of wider transmission.
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