What Causes Ice Cream To Get That Gritty, Sandy Texture? - Tasting Table
Briefly

Ice cream should ideally maintain a smooth, creamy texture; however, improper handling and long storage can lead to the formation of large ice crystals, which create a gritty mouthfeel. This problem is exacerbated in homemade ice cream, which typically lacks commercial stabilizers. To prevent graininess, it is crucial to store ice cream correctly and be aware of the melting and refreezing cycle. While similar to freezer burn, which impacts flavor, ice crystal growth primarily affects texture and can be managed with proper techniques.
Smooth, fresh ice cream contains plenty of ice crystals, which start small but grow larger every time the dessert melts and refreezes, causing a gritty texture.
Most ice cream companies use stabilizing ingredients to help maintain consistency, but improper storage or age leads to that dreadful graininess we all try to avoid.
Freezer burn and ice crystal formation are similar; freezer burn happens when moisture evaporates and refreezes, creating stale flavors rather than just textural issues.
To avoid grainy ice cream, proper storage is essential, particularly for homemade varieties that lack commercial stabilizers. Simple practices can greatly minimize texture problems.
Read at Tasting Table
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