The EU AI Act, originally proposed by the Commission back in April 2021, sets rules for AI developers based on the power of their models and/or the purpose for which they intend to apply AI. It includes a list of prohibited uses of AI (such as social scoring), alongside rules for a defined set of high risk uses (e.g. education, health or employment), such as obligations in areas like data quality, testing and risk assessment. Additionally, it applies some transparency requirements on general purpose AIs and tools like deepfakes and AI chatbots.
Beyond that, most AI apps will be deemed 'low risk' - meaning they fall outside the scope of the law. The plan also provides for the establishment of regulatory sandboxes at the national level to enable developers to develop, train and test risky apps in a supervised "real-world" environment. The Commission's proposal for an AI rulebook didn't cause much of a stir when the EU presented it three years ago. But with the rise of generative AI over the past year+ the plan has grabbed the global spotlight - and driven big wedges between the bloc's lawmakers.
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