The ideal cryptographic system relies on pre-exchanged keys; however, current methods utilizing 'one-way functions' facilitate secure communication between parties who lack prior connections.
Current cryptography relies on problems in discrete mathematics, making factorization computationally expensive. The belief in this asymmetry underpins confidence in existing cryptographic protections.
Quantum computers threaten existing cryptographic mechanisms by employing qubits and algorithms like Shor's, potentially undermining the fundamental security that traditional systems currently leverage.
The advent of quantum computing necessitates a transition towards Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) to secure communications against emerging computational threats, as JEPs in Java 24 will address.
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