U.S. District Judge Allison Burroughs ruled that the assault on the university brazenly violated the First Amendment by mandating conformity with the administration's views-though she also set Harvard on a winding path of additional litigation to restore the canceled grants. In one remarkable passage, Burroughs also criticized the Supreme Court's cryptic shadow docket decisions, then condemned the justices for scolding lower courts that are unable to divine the meaning of these cryptic orders.