#permafrost-thaw

#permafrost-thaw

Standing among the Alps, it's easy to believe that they will last forever. They seem too big to fail, too old to change. This illusion of permanence has long entranced travelers who have visited to experience the intoxicating feeling of being daunted and dwarfed by a landscape's authority. But even mountains move: This past May an avalanche of ice and rock tore through the Lötschental Valley, erasing the village of Blatten in less than a minute.

According to a Sept. 8 paper published in the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, an iconic Arctic watershed in Alaska's Brooks Range has recently turned a dark, murky orange color, alarming scientists throughout California and Alaska. "This is what acid mine drainage looks like," Tim Lyons, a biogeochemist at UC Riverside, told the university in a September 2025 article. "But here, there's no mine. The permafrost is thawing and changing the chemistry of the landscape." According to the research paper, authors believe that permafrost - soil, rock or sediment that's been frozen for at least two years - is thawing, exposing sulfide minerals and delivering iron and other potentially toxic metals to the remote Alaskan wilderness.