Mengzi and Xunzi's disagreement revolves around human nature and moral education, highlighting that Mengzi believes in pursuing inherent values while Xunzi emphasizes aspiring towards external values.
Callard's distinction between ambition and aspiration clarifies the disagreement, where Mengzi argues for the need to nurture existing values, contrasting with Xunzi's view of cultivating absent values.
This discussion gains depth by positioning Xunzi's moral motivation as attainable even for those with self-interested tendencies, reinforcing differing views on agency and the significance of moral education.
Ultimately, the seminar invites participants to reflect on how these ancient philosophical positions remain relevant to contemporary discussions on human motivation and ethics.
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