James Joyce faced a lifetime of debilitating eye issues beginning in childhood, including iritis that led to multiple painful surgical procedures. His eyesight deteriorated significantly after his seventh operation in 1925, leading to depression and reliance on others for basic mobility. Despite some improvement in 1926, his condition severely affected his ability to work and enjoy life, reflecting the intense personal struggle he faced alongside his literary accomplishments. The impact of his eye problems was profound, leading him to express his experiences through his writing.
After his seventh eye operation on December 5, 1925, Joyce was "unable to see lights, suffering continual pain from the operation, weeping oceans of tears, highly nervous, and unable to think straight."
James Joyce had to endure a horrific series of operations and treatments for one or the other of his eyes, including the removal of parts of the iris, reshaping of the pupil, and even the removal of all of his teeth.
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