
"Unrest is continuing in Iran, with protesters calling for a change of government. US President Donald Trump has threatened Iran's regime and Israel's spy agency, the Mossad, has expressed support for protesters. It is unclear what impact the protests will have. The economically motivated demonstrations have been smaller than the last major uprisings, brutally repressed, in Iran in 2022. There have been few overt reactions from Iran's allies, neighbors and enemies in the Middle East."
"Saudi Arabia, UAE: 'Frenemies' for stability Until comparatively recently, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates considered Iran a geopolitical rival. Iran is a Shiite Muslim-majority country. Most Gulf Arab states are Sunni Muslim. Additionally, Iran has also always expressed its opposition to the US and Israel, while the Gulf Arab states are beholden to the US for their defense and most have unofficial working relationships with Israel, at minimum."
Unrest continues across Iran as mainly economically motivated protests call for government change and have been met with brutal repression. Demonstrations remain smaller than the major 2022 uprisings and their broader impact is unclear. Few overt reactions have come from Iran’s regional allies, neighbors, or rivals, though many leaders are watching closely because of Iran's deep involvement in regional politics. Saudi Arabia and the UAE have shifted toward prioritizing regional stability, restoring ties with Iran after 2016, while mistrust persists. Iran’s sectarian differences with Gulf Arab states and opposing alignments with the US and Israel shape ongoing rivalry and cooperation.
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