"Crawling is how Google 'sees' the web. Google uses automated programs called crawlers to discover and read content on web pages. These crawlers follow links from one page to another, reading and analyzing the content they find. This process helps Google understand what pages exist and what they're about, which is essential for indexing and ranking pages in search results."
"We perform repeat crawls to find the latest updates and to provide the freshest search results. Google doesn't crawl every page just once. Instead, crawlers revisit pages periodically to detect changes, updates, and new content. This continuous crawling process ensures that search results reflect the most current information available on the web."
"Site owners have control over what gets crawled, and how. Website owners can use various tools and methods to control Google's crawling behavior, including robots.txt files, meta tags, and Search Console settings. These controls allow site owners to prevent crawling of certain pages, manage crawl budget, and specify how they want their content to be accessed and indexed."
Google released an educational resource document addressing common questions about web crawling. The document covers nine key points: crawling enables Google to discover web content, multiple specialized crawlers perform different functions, Google performs repeat crawls to find updates and deliver fresh results, frequent crawling indicates healthy site activity, crawling complexity has increased with modern web pages, Google automatically optimizes crawling efficiency, crawlers respect paywalls and subscription restrictions, site owners maintain control over crawling parameters, and standard crawlers honor website preferences regarding content access and usage.
Read at Search Engine Roundtable
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