Unlike many other countries, presidential elections in the US are not decided by the overall popular vote, but rather by a controversial, winner-takes-all system called the Electoral College. With 538 electors representing the states, the candidate who wins the majority in a state receives all its electoral votes, making it possible for someone to lose the popular vote yet win the presidency.
This electoral system results in a situation where only a handful of swing states significantly influence the outcome of the election. Candidates concentrate their efforts in these regions, such as Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin, as they hold the key to winning the presidency rather than aiming for an overall national majority in popular votes.
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