The chancellor will need to come up with £16bn more on top of £9bn tax rises set out in the Labour manifesto to meet pre-election promises.
Reeves' first Budget comes against a backdrop of higher debt, increasing interest payments, and an ageing population, which impose significant challenges.
Growing pressures on health and pensions, combined with decreasing revenues from fuel and tobacco duties, are complicating the public finance situation.
Paul Johnson from IFS emphasized that tough decisions are necessary and warned that failing to address these issues could adversely affect Ms. Reeves before the next election.
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