"A year of chaos. That is how many researchers in the United States, at least, will remember 2025. Cuts to federal funding and the federal workforce, political threats to US universities, an immigration crackdown and the country's withdrawal from global organizations have stymied research in many fields and reshaped, probably for decades to come, the landscape of the world's leading sponsor of science."
"Others kept the flame of multilateralism and evidence-based policymaking burning. In a year of rising tensions and unresolved conflicts, the agreement of the world's first pandemic treaty was a bright spot. Some details still need to be hammered out, but representatives of the 190-odd nations that are members of the World Health Organization - with the exception of the United States, which withdrew from the treaty negotiations in January - managed to forge an agreement on how humanity should prevent and prepare for future pandemics."
Severe disruptions affected the global scientific enterprise in 2025, driven by US cuts to federal funding and workforce, political threats to universities, immigration crackdowns, and withdrawal from international organizations. Financial pressures, political interference and rising nationalist sentiment strained research that depends on independence, openness and diversity. Despite these challenges, scientists and innovators delivered significant advances in health, discovery, innovation and collaboration. Some individuals defended scientific values, exemplified by the firing of a US public-health leader who resisted pre-approving vaccine recommendations without data. Global cooperation produced the world's first pandemic treaty, forged by WHO member states minus the United States, to guide prevention and preparedness.
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