The article discusses dark matter in terms of historical background, its candidates, detection methods, and theoretical frameworks, particularly focusing on the ALP portal and U(1)X extensions of the Standard Model. It highlights existing constraints on ALP parameters, the analysis of dark matter characteristics, and the implications of a two-component dark matter model. Additionally, it examines the Friedmann equations for cosmic evolution and introduces the Type I seesaw mechanism as a means to explain small neutrino masses, crucial for understanding dark matter interactions.
The exploration of dark matter has led to the investigation of various candidates, detection methods, and the potential application of alternative theories such as ALP and U(1)X models.
In a two-component dark matter model under the U(1)X extension of the Standard Model, constraints are established which influence both theoretical predictions and experimental observations.
The application of the Friedmann equations with assumptions of isotropy and homogeneity provides a framework for understanding the behavior and evolution of our universe.
The use of the Type I seesaw mechanism presents a compelling narrative for the observed smallness of neutrino masses, impacting both dark matter theories and particle physics.
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