Following a period of close cooperation, Russia's relationship with Iran has become strained due to regional conflicts, most notably Israel's military actions against Iran's allies. Initially, Iran supplied pivotal drones to support Russia's war in Ukraine, creating a strategic partnership. However, as Israel's military dominance grew and showcased Iran's vulnerabilities, Russia hesitated to provide Iran with necessary advanced military support. Despite ongoing cooperation in some sectors and a strategic treaty, Moscow's reluctance to aid Tehran effectively illustrates its shift in focus and priorities in the Middle East.
That Moscow could not or would not intervene decisively on behalf of its anti-Western partners in the Middle East became obvious in December 2024.
Tehran was also an important supplier: It delivered Shahed drones for Russian use in Ukraine at a moment when these were particularly crucial to Moscow's war-fighting capacity.
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