Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus, less severe than smallpox, but still causing thousands of cases and hundreds of deaths, with children under 15 most affected. Two strains exist: a milder global one and a deadlier endemic strain in central Africa.
Initial symptoms of Mpox include fever, headaches, swellings, back pain, aching muscles, and a distinct rash that starts on the face and spreads across the body, typically on hands and feet. The infection usually resolves in 14-21 days but can lead to severe cases with lesions affecting vulnerable areas like mouth, eyes, and genitals.
Mpox spreads through close contact with infected individuals or animals, including sexual contact, skin-to-skin contact, and breathing near an infected person. The virus can enter through broken skin, respiratory tract, eyes, nose, or mouth, as well as contaminated objects like bedding. During the 2022 global outbreak, sexual contact was the primary mode of transmission.
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