The article discusses the origins of elements in the Universe, particularly focusing on oxygen. Following the Big Bang, only light elements like hydrogen and helium were formed. The first stars initiated nuclear fusion, leading to the creation of heavier elements. Presently, oxygen is the third most abundant element in the Universe. Despite discovering distant galaxies like JADES-GS-z14-0, which contains signs of carbon, pristine Population III stars remain undetected. Studying these elements provides insights into the early Universe, emphasizing the importance of advanced telescopes like JWST and ALMA to uncover cosmic history.
The hot Big Bang creates hydrogen, helium, lithium, and beryllium, but little else. Only when the first stars form do heavier elements arise.
JWST discovered and measured the most distant galaxy yet known: JADES-GS-z14-0, finding tentative evidence for a doubly-ionized carbon line.
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