Efficient and sustained mammal-to-mammal transmission of avian influenza virus is unprecedented, raising concerns of adaptation to enhance infectivity and transmissibility to humans.
Strict measures are urged to prevent transmission to cows and reduce the pandemic risk as a subtype of the H5N1 virus has killed millions of birds globally.
Researchers warn of the worst-case scenario of virus mutation leading to human-to-human transmission, with the current subtype showing a strong ability to infect udder cells and concentrate in milk.
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