Two disc galaxies smashing together caused gas, the fuel from which stars are formed, to sink towards their centre, generating trillions of new stars.
This is the first real evidence that spheroids form directly through intense episodes of star formation located in the cores of distant galaxies.
Our findings take us closer to solving a long-standing mystery in astronomy that will redefine our understanding of how galaxies were created in the early universe.
These galaxies form quickly; gas is sucked inwards to feed black holes and triggers bursts of stars, created at rates 10 to 100 times faster than our Milky Way.
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