The Moon's geology reveals a stark contrast to Earth's with its ancient features like immense craters, canyons, and lava basins existing for billions of years. Unlike Earth, which experiences constant geological renewal, the Moon's surface has remained relatively untouched, allowing us to study its primordial history. While Earth’s canyons are primarily formed by water erosion, Moon's valleys indicate volcanic activity and impact events. Recent discoveries near the Moon's south pole show that some features were formed remarkably quickly by collision events, offering insights into celestial impacts and the Moon's formation.
Unlike Earth, where our surface is geologically very young, many features on the Moon are billions of years old, some dating back over four billion years.
On the Moon, there are long, deep channels and valleys, some formed by lava flows, while others, like Vallis Schrödinger, were created in just about 10 minutes from impacts.
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