"The first concept is non-contact warfare-the concept of preparing and softening the battlefield, then minimizing ground engagements for their troops whenever possible. The second concept is Russian intelligence active measures, also known as measures of support. This is also an old idea in Russian intelligence circles, but one that has been expanded and intensified in recent decades, incorporating new elements such as cyber operations and cognitive warfare."
"Gray zone operations in the West are generally seen as actions that influence the course of a conflict or harm an adversary without crossing into direct kinetic attacks. For Russia, at the core of the gray zone is the concept of "non-contact war" (bezkontaktnaya voina), which is part of a larger doctrinal framework under which gray warfare, also called "new generation warfare" by the Russians, falls. This is not a new concept in Russian military thinking, but it has developed over decades."
Gray zone operations aim to influence conflicts or damage adversaries without direct kinetic attacks. Russian gray-zone doctrine centers on non-contact war (bezkontaktnaya voina) as part of a broader new generation warfare framework that developed over decades. Russian gray warfare has two main components: non-contact warfare, which prepares and softens the battlefield and seeks to minimize ground engagements, and intelligence active measures (measures of support), which have been expanded to include cyber operations and cognitive warfare. Russian gray-zone developments included deployments into Ukraine in 2014. Doctrinal evolution and adaptability shape how these concepts are applied in modern conflicts.
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