The Electoral College system has been controversial due to instances where candidates won the popular vote yet lost the presidency, as seen in the 2000 and 2016 elections.
Created as a compromise during the 1787 Constitutional Convention, the Electoral College aimed to balance the influence of populous states with that of smaller states.
The total of 538 electors means a majority of 270 is required to win the presidency, with state representation varying based on congressional representation.
Electoral votes for each state can change after each census, reflecting the population shifts, thus altering the political landscape in future elections.
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