The Caral civilisation, the oldest known society in the Americas, settled in the area nearly 5,000 years ago and is considered the 'mother culture' of Andean civilisation.
Research led by Ruth Shady discovered 12 settlements belonging to Caral, revealing significant developments such as crop irrigation and the quipu knot system of record-keeping.
The archaeological site features six pyramids, an amphitheatre, and a temple, showcasing advanced architectural designs and an understanding of turbines for fire management.
Recent threats from local land traffickers highlight the ongoing struggle to protect the archaeological site, which has vast cultural significance and valuable artefacts.
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