"Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the U.S. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that over 49,000 Americans died by suicide in 2023, and 1.5 million attempted suicide. Are certain medical and psychiatric illnesses associated with suicide attempts and completed suicides? If so, are the associations the same for suicide attempts and completed suicides? These questions are addressed in a recent paper by Fenfen Ge and colleagues in JAMA Psychiatry."
"These investigators utilized comprehensive health information contained in Danish national registers. They identified 81,713 individuals older than 10 years who made a suicide attempt and compared their health information with 408,490 age-and- sex-matched controls. They also identified 9,362 individuals who died by suicide and compared their health information with that of 46,749 age-and-sex-matched controls. For their analysis of associations between various health conditions and suicidal behaviors, the researchers considered 28 clinically diagnosed health conditions within nine categories: mental, circulatory, endocrine, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, urogenital, musculoskeletal, cancer, and neurological."
Danish national registers were used to identify 81,713 individuals older than 10 years who made a suicide attempt and 9,362 individuals who died by suicide, each compared with age-and-sex-matched controls. Analyses included 28 clinically diagnosed conditions across nine categories, including ten mental disorders and 18 nonpsychiatric medical conditions. Comorbidity between medical and psychiatric disorders and among medical disorders was not examined. A separate genotype dataset was used to examine associations between specific genetic markers and suicide attempts and completed suicides. All examined nonpsychiatric medical conditions showed statistically significant associations with suicidal behavior, with varying effect sizes by condition.
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