"More than 99 percent of people who went on to suffer a heart attack, stroke or heart failure already had at least one risk factor above optimal level beforehand, according to a large-scale study led by Northwestern Medicine and Yonsei University in South Korea, published in The Journal of the American College of Cardiology. The study, which analyzed health records over more than a decade for more than 9 million adults in South Korea"
""We think the study shows very convincingly that exposure to one or more nonoptimal risk factors before these cardiovascular outcomes is nearly 100 percent," said senior author Philip Greenland, MD, the Harry W. Dingman Professor of Cardiology in the Department of Medicine. "The goal now is to work harder on finding ways to control these modifiable risk factors rather than to get off track in pursuing other factors that are not easily treatable and not causal.""
More than 99 percent of people who experienced a heart attack, stroke, or heart failure already had at least one risk factor above optimal levels beforehand. Health records spanning more than a decade included over 9 million adults in South Korea and nearly 7,000 people in the U.S. Four major cardiovascular risk factors were assessed using American Heart Association ideal cardiovascular health definitions: blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting glucose (including diabetes diagnosis or treatment), and past or current tobacco use. A secondary analysis examined clinically elevated thresholds such as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg and total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL. Controlling modifiable risk factors is emphasized.
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